Injuries – What to do when you have a sprain or strain?

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What is the difference between a Sprain and a Strain?    

Sprain – is an injury to the ligaments and other soft tissues around a joint, such as the wrist or ankle.  The ligament can have a partial tear or it can be completely torn apart.

Strain – occurs in the muscles during physical activity when the muscles are stretched excessively or the muscle fibres are torn.

What are the signs and symptoms?   

  • Both swell rapidly.
  • Very painful and tender to touch.
  • Loss of power in the injured area.

What to do?   

For minor sprains and strains you can apply the RICE treatment at regular intervals during the first 24-48 hours.

  • Rest the injured limb for up to 24 hours, but gentle mobilisation should be encouraged after that time.
  • Ice the area. Apply a cold pack or ice wrapped in a towel for 20-30 minutes. This can be repeated twice with a 20-30 minute gap. Be careful not to use it too long, as this could cause tissue damage.
  • Compress the area with an elastic bandage. This is not always necessary, but may be useful if there is bruising.
  • Elevate the injured limb above your heart whenever possible to help prevent or limit further swelling.

 After two to three days, gently begin to use the injured area. If there is no sign of improvement, see your doctor.

For more serious sprains and strains seek medical assistance straight away, especially if:

  • You are unable to bear weight on the injured limb. Or the joint feels unstable or you can’t use the joint.
  • You have a high fever and the area is red and hot. There may be an infection.
  • You have a severe sprain/strain.  Insufficient or delayed treatment may cause long term damage.
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